read more, obesity Obesity Obesity is a chronic, multifactorial, relapsing disorder characterized by excess body weight and defined as a body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 30 kg/m2. read more and low fiber intake and a beneficial effect of fiber in patients with functional bowel disorders, Crohn disease Crohn Disease Crohn disease is a chronic transmural inflammatory bowel disease that usually affects the distal ileum and colon but may occur in any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Treatment is surgical resection and chemotherapy for nodal. Symptoms include blood in the stool and change in bowel habits. Epidemiologic evidence suggests an association between colon cancer Colorectal Cancer Colorectal cancer is extremely common. Insoluble fiber is thought to accelerate the elimination of cancer-causing substances produced by bacteria in the large intestine. True diverticula of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract contain all layers of the GI wall. read more, increases fecal bulk, and helps control diverticular disease Definition of Diverticular Disease Diverticula are saclike mucosal pouches that protrude from a tubular structure. (See also Constipation in Children.) No bodily function is more variable and. Insoluble fiber increases gastrointestinal motility, prevents constipation Constipation Constipation is difficult or infrequent passage of stool, hardness of stool, or a feeling of incomplete evacuation.

Dietary fiber can be soluble or insoluble. Fiberįiber is a complex carbohydrate and occurs in various forms (eg, cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, gums). read more, and complications of diabetes Complications of Diabetes Mellitus In patients with diabetes mellitus, years of poorly controlled hyperglycemia lead to multiple, primarily vascular, complications that affect small vessels (microvascular), large vessels (macrovascular). Early symptoms are related to hyperglycemia and include polydipsia. read more, diabetes mellitus Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Diabetes mellitus is impaired insulin secretion and variable degrees of peripheral insulin resistance leading to hyperglycemia. Complications include cardiovascular disorders. These effects are predicted to result in a more favorable lipid profile and a decreased risk of obesity Obesity Obesity is a chronic, multifactorial, relapsing disorder characterized by excess body weight and defined as a body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 30 kg/m2. Carbohydrates with a low glycemic index increase plasma glucose levels slowly, resulting in lower postprandial insulin levels and less hunger, which probably makes consumption of excess calories less likely. It is hypothesized that as a result, insulin levels increase, inducing hypoglycemia and hunger, which tends to lead to consumption of excess calories and weight gain. MacronutrientsĬarbohydrates with a high glycemic index may increase plasma glucose to high levels rapidly. Also, the balance of various types of nutrients, such as how much unsaturated versus saturated fat is consumed, can influence the development of disorders. read more and related disorders excess intake of micronutrients can be toxic. Excess intake of macronutrients can lead to obesity Obesity Obesity is a chronic, multifactorial, relapsing disorder characterized by excess body weight and defined as a body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 30 kg/m2. Clinical manifestations include the three Ds: localized pigmented rash (dermatitis). read more, which can lead to deficiency syndromes (eg, kwashiorkor Primary PEU, pellagra Niacin Deficiency Dietary niacin deficiency (causing pellagra) is uncommon in countries with low rates of food insecurity.

(Malnutrition also includes overnutrition.) Undernutrition can result from inadequate ingestion of nutrients, malabsorption, impaired metabolism, loss. Lack of nutrients can result in undernutrition Overview of Undernutrition Undernutrition is a form of malnutrition.

Nitrogen macro minerals